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DeFiIntermediate1 min read

DeFi risks

Smart contract bugs, bridges, scam tokens, approvals and liquidations: what can go wrong in DeFi.

Updated 22 October 2026

DeFi removes intermediaries, but it also removes the safety nets they provide. These are the main risks.

Smart contract bugs

A mistake in a contract's code can let an attacker drain its funds. Audits reduce this risk but do not remove it.

Bridges

Bridges that move tokens between blockchains hold large amounts of funds and have been the target of some of the largest hacks in crypto.

Scam tokens and "rug pulls"

Anyone can create a token. Some projects are designed to collect money and disappear. Unknown tokens with unrealistic promised returns are a major warning sign.

Token approvals

When you use a DeFi application, you often approve it to spend a token from your wallet. A malicious or hacked contract can use an unlimited approval later. Approve only what you need and review old approvals regularly.

Liquidations

Borrowed positions can be liquidated automatically if collateral prices fall, sometimes within minutes during sharp market moves.

Oracle and stablecoin failures

Wrong price data or a stablecoin losing its peg can trigger losses across many protocols at once.

No support

There is usually nobody to call. A transaction you signed by mistake cannot be reversed.

Use only amounts you can afford to lose, check addresses and contracts carefully, and never share your seed phrase.

University materials are for education only and are not investment, legal or tax advice.